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SEC Advisers Act

SEC Advisers Act

SEC Advisers Act

The Investment Advisers Act of 1940, administered by the SEC, is a federal law that regulates investment advisers. It requires registration, compliance with conduct restrictions, and disclosure requirements to protect investors. The Act aims to prevent abuses in the securities industry by ensuring advisers act in their clients' best interests and disclose potential conflicts of interest.

Controls:

Requirements related to the registration of investment advisers and the disclosure of information to clients and the public.

  • Initial Registration (Section 203) - ADVS.1.1

    Advisers must register with the SEC or state authorities; unless an exemption applies.

  • Annual Updating Amendment - ADVS.1.2

    Registered investment advisers must annually update their Form ADV within 90 days after fiscal year end.

  • Other-Than-Annual Amendments - ADVS.1.3

    Advisers must promptly amend Form ADV if certain information becomes materially inaccurate.

  • Brochure Rule - Part 2A (Firm Brochure) (Rule 204-3) - ADVS.1.4

    Advisers must prepare and deliver a written disclosure brochure (Form ADV Part 2A) to prospective and existing clients.

  • Brochure Rule - Part 2B (Brochure Supplement) - ADVS.1.5

    Advisers must prepare and deliver brochure supplements for supervised persons who directly interact with clients.

  • Form CRS (Relationship Summary) Delivery - ADVS.1.6

    Broker-dealers and investment advisers must deliver a relationship summary (Form CRS) to retail investors.

  • Public Availability of Form ADV - ADVS.1.7

    Form ADV is publicly available through the IARD system; ensuring transparency.

Core principles governing an adviser's relationship with clients; including duties of loyalty and care.

  • Duty of Loyalty - ADVS.2.1

    Advisers must act in the best interest of their clients; placing client interests before their own.

  • Duty of Care - ADVS.2.2

    Advisers must exercise care and diligence in providing advice; including having a reasonable understanding of the client's financial situation and objectives.

  • Best Execution - ADVS.2.3

    Advisers must seek the most favorable terms reasonably available for a client's transactions.

  • Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest - ADVS.2.4

    Advisers must fully and fairly disclose all material conflicts of interest to clients.

  • Client Onboarding & Due Diligence - ADVS.2.5

    Conduct reasonable diligence to understand a client's financial situation; investment objectives; and risk tolerance (Know Your Client).

  • Suitability of Recommendations - ADVS.2.6

    Ensure that all investment recommendations and strategies are suitable for the client's specific circumstances.

  • Client Communication & Reporting - ADVS.2.7

    Maintain regular and clear communication with clients regarding their accounts; performance; and relevant disclosures.

  • Fee Disclosure and Transparency - ADVS.2.8

    Clearly disclose all fees; charges; and compensation arrangements to clients.

  • Referral Fees (Rule 206(4)-3) - ADVS.2.9

    Comply with rules governing payments for client referrals.

Requirements for establishing; implementing; and maintaining a robust compliance program.

  • Written Policies & Procedures - ADVS.3.1

    Develop and implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violations of the Advisers Act.

  • Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) Designation - ADVS.3.2

    Designate a qualified Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) responsible for administering the compliance program.

  • Annual Review of Compliance Program - ADVS.3.3

    Conduct an annual review of the adequacy of the compliance policies and procedures and the effectiveness of their implementation.

  • Compliance Training - ADVS.3.4

    Provide ongoing training to all relevant personnel on compliance policies and procedures.

  • Risk Assessment (Compliance) - ADVS.3.5

    Conduct periodic risk assessments to identify and evaluate compliance risks relevant to the firm's business activities.

  • Internal Controls & Testing - ADVS.3.6

    Establish and test internal controls to ensure adherence to policies and procedures and prevent regulatory violations.

  • Compliance Calendar & Monitoring - ADVS.3.7

    Maintain a compliance calendar and conduct ongoing monitoring to ensure timely completion of compliance tasks.

  • Compliance Manual - ADVS.3.8

    Maintain a comprehensive compliance manual outlining all firm policies and procedures.

Specific requirements for maintaining and preserving books and records.

  • Required Records Maintenance - ADVS.4.1

    Maintain all books and records required by Rule 204-2 (e.g.; journals; ledgers; order tickets; communications).

  • Record Retention Periods - ADVS.4.2

    Retain records for the prescribed periods; generally five years for most records; with the first two years in an easily accessible place.

  • Electronic Recordkeeping Requirements - ADVS.4.3

    Ensure electronic records are preserved in a non-rewriteable; non-erasable format (WORM) and are readily accessible.

  • Accessibility of Records - ADVS.4.4

    Ensure records are readily available for examination by the SEC.

  • Correspondence and Communications Retention - ADVS.4.5

    Retain all business-related written and electronic correspondence and communications with clients.

Rules governing investment advisers that have custody of client funds or securities.

  • Qualified Custodian Requirement - ADVS.5.1

    Client funds and securities must be held by a qualified custodian (e.g.; banks; broker-dealers).

  • Independent Public Accountant Audit (Annual) - ADVS.5.2

    For advisers with custody; obtain an annual surprise examination by an independent public accountant (unless subject to the audit provision for pooled investment vehicles).

  • Delivery of Account Statements - ADVS.5.3

    Ensure clients receive account statements directly from the qualified custodian at least quarterly.

  • Notification to Clients of Custody - ADVS.5.4

    Promptly notify clients in writing upon opening an account with a qualified custodian.

  • Direct Fee Deduction Procedures - ADVS.5.5

    Implement specific procedures for advisers that deduct fees directly from client accounts.

  • Pooled Investment Vehicle Audit - ADVS.5.6

    For certain pooled investment vehicles; obtain and distribute audited financial statements to investors.

Regulations concerning investment adviser advertising and communications with the public.

  • General Prohibition on Deceptive Advertising - ADVS.6.1

    Prohibits advertisements that are false; untrue; misleading; or manipulative.

  • Performance Advertising Standards - ADVS.6.2

    Ensure performance advertising is fair; balanced; and includes all required disclosures.

  • Testimonials; Endorsements; and Third-Party Ratings - ADVS.6.3

    Comply with conditions for using testimonials; endorsements; and third-party ratings in advertising.

  • Use of Hypothetical Performance - ADVS.6.4

    Adhere to specific requirements and disclosures when presenting hypothetical performance.

  • Pre-Approval of Advertisements - ADVS.6.5

    Establish procedures for the review and pre-approval of all advertisements.

  • Recordkeeping for Advertisements - ADVS.6.6

    Maintain records of all advertisements disseminated and their approvals.

  • Social Media & Digital Communications - ADVS.6.7

    Implement policies and procedures for adviser use of social media and other digital communications for marketing.

Requirements for investment advisers to adopt a code of ethics.

  • Adoption & Enforcement of Code of Ethics - ADVS.7.1

    Advisers must adopt and enforce a written code of ethics applicable to their supervised persons.

  • Reporting of Personal Securities Transactions - ADVS.7.2

    Require access persons to report their personal securities transactions and holdings periodically.

  • Pre-Clearance of Personal Securities Transactions - ADVS.7.3

    Require access persons to obtain approval before investing in certain securities.

  • Prohibition on Insider Trading - ADVS.7.4

    Establish policies and procedures to prevent the misuse of material nonpublic information (insider trading).

  • Reporting of Code of Ethics Violations - ADVS.7.5

    Require prompt reporting of any violations of the code of ethics to the CCO.

  • Annual Acknowledgment of Code of Ethics - ADVS.7.6

    Obtain annual written acknowledgment from supervised persons that they have received and read the code of ethics.

Measures to protect client information and firm systems from unauthorized access or breaches.

  • Privacy Policy Notice (Regulation S-P) - ADVS.8.1

    Provide initial and annual privacy notices to clients regarding the firm's information sharing practices.

  • Safeguarding Customer Information - ADVS.8.2

    Implement administrative; technical; and physical safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of client nonpublic personal information.

  • Cybersecurity Risk Assessment - ADVS.8.3

    Conduct regular cybersecurity risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities and threats.

  • Cybersecurity Policies & Procedures - ADVS.8.4

    Develop and implement comprehensive cybersecurity policies and procedures.

  • Data Encryption & Access Controls - ADVS.8.5

    Implement data encryption and strict access controls for sensitive client data.

  • Incident Response Plan (Cybersecurity) - ADVS.8.6

    Develop and test an incident response plan for cybersecurity breaches and data loss.

  • Vendor Due Diligence (Cybersecurity) - ADVS.8.7

    Conduct due diligence on third-party vendors to assess their cybersecurity posture.

  • Employee Cybersecurity Training - ADVS.8.8

    Provide regular cybersecurity awareness training to all employees.

Miscellaneous but important compliance requirements.

  • Proxy Voting Policies & Procedures (Rule 206(4)-6) - ADVS.9.1

    Advisers who vote client proxies must adopt and implement policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure voting in the client's best interest.

  • Proxy Voting Disclosure - ADVS.9.2

    Disclose to clients how they can obtain information about how the adviser voted their proxies.

  • Political Contributions (Rule 206(4)-5 - Pay-to-Play) - ADVS.9.3

    Comply with rules restricting political contributions to government officials or candidates who could influence the award of advisory business.

  • Client Solicitation (Cash Solicitation Rule 206(4)-3) - ADVS.9.4

    Comply with conditions when paying cash referral fees to solicitors.

  • Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Program (Implicit for RIAs) - ADVS.9.5

    While not explicitly under the Advisers Act; RIAs generally have AML obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act; requiring customer identification programs and suspicious activity reporting.

  • Business Continuity Plan (BCP) - ADVS.9.6

    Develop; implement; and maintain a business continuity plan for unexpected disruptions.

  • Supervised Persons' Outside Business Activities - ADVS.9.7

    Establish policies for supervised persons' outside business activities to identify and manage conflicts of interest.

  • Form D Filings (Private Funds) - ADVS.9.8

    For advisers to private funds; comply with Regulation D filing requirements (Form D).

  • Form PF Filings (Private Funds) - ADVS.9.9

    For large private fund advisers; comply with Form PF filing requirements.

  • Valuation of Client Assets - ADVS.9.10

    Establish and apply consistent methodologies for valuing client assets.